Military Expenditure as a Proxy for State Power. The Case of France

Abstract

This paper attempts to build a simple indicator of state power. Military expenditure is the paper’s point of departure, with the definitions given by NATO, SIPRI and others. This definition is discussed and a power version is build, using French budgetary data. Then a defence of the result against traditional or non-traditional critics is presented under an imperative of action. Finally, this concept is enlarged and a new concept of power expenditures is given, one more time using French budgetary data. The conclusion is that this large expenditure concept is an unbiased but imperfect indicator of the will to act, and has to be completed by GDP to indicate the capability to act in the long-run.

Keywords:

• Defence
• security
• military expenditures
• security expenditures
• defence budget
• budget structure
• state power

JEL Classification:

• H56
• H41
• H55
• H61