Evaluation of the electrochemical interaction in the asphalt emulsion-aggregate system of cold mix asphalt through zeta potential and surface free energy analysis

ABSTRACT

The interaction in the emulsion-aggregate system is well known and influences the Cold Mix Asphalt (CMA) performance. However, the electrochemical interaction indexes for the emulsion-aggregate systems are still not well understood. Therefore, the present investigation focussed on evaluating the electrochemical interaction in the Asphalt Emulsion-Aggregate system (AEA-S) of Cold Mix Asphalt (CMA). Zeta Potential (ZP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Surface Free Energy (SFE) analysis were carried out in three slow-setting cationic asphalt emulsions and three common Colombian aggregates (alluvial and quarried) to determine the electrical potential and interaction in the emulsion-aggregate system. Zeta Potential analysis shows both dependence on the chemical compounds of the aggregates and variation in pH conditions. Moreover, Zeta Potential shows negative values for all three aggregates in the entire pH range variation and decreases with asphalt emulsions pH associated with ${\mathrm{SiO}}_2$/${\mathrm{Al}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_3$ ratio. Through chemical identification and electrokinetic forces is feasible to conclude that high Zeta Potential (ZP) and Surface Free Energy (SFE) values improve the electrochemical ad of the asphalt emulsion-aggregate system (AEA-S), demonstrating that high polarity is an essential factor in Cold Mix Asphalts (CMA).

KEYWORDS:

• Cold mix asphalt
• asphalt emulsion-aggregate interaction
• residual asphalt-aggregate interaction
• surface free energy
• zeta potential

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to give a special thanks to MPI Ltda for providing asphalt emulsions during the whole investigation. Likewise, all authors contributed to the study conception, design, analysis, and manuscript writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The data that support the findings of this study are available from the author, M.C.-B., upon reasonable request.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The first author acknowledges the ‘Vicerrectoría de Investigación’ from the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and CEIBA Foundation (Nariño) for the financial support received.