Contested Space Revisited: George Town, Penang Before and After UNESCO World Heritage Listing

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Notes

1. Gwynn Jenkins, Contested Space: Heritage and Identity Reconstructions. An Inquiry into Conservation Strategies Within a Developing Asian City, George Town, Penang, Malaysia (Vienna: Lit Verlag, 2008), 250.

2. See: “We need one but not this one. PTMP flawed from the word go”, PHT Newsletter, no. 109 (June 2016), p. 2; Opalyn Mok, “Penang Forum moots RM13.3b transport master plan alternative”, Malay Mail, 13 July 2016, URL: https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2016/07/13/penang-forum-moots-rm13.3b-transport-master-plan-alternative/1160757; Christopher Tan, “Penang government feels betrayed over Unesco status issue”, The Star, 14 August 2016, URL: https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2016/08/14/penang-government-feels-betrayed-over-unesco-status-issue.

3. Edmund W. Cheng, Anthony H.F. Li and Shu-yun Ma, “Resistance, Engagement, and Heritage Conservation by Voluntary Sector: The Case of Penang in Malaysia”, Modern Asian Studies 48.3 (2014): 617–44; and Khoo Salma Nasution, “George Town: The discreet charm of rejuvenated heritage”, Historic Environment 26.3: Asian Cities: Heritage, Image-Making and Nation-Building (2014): 40–9.

4. Rahil Ismail, Brian Shaw and Ooi Giok Ling, eds., Southeast Asian Culture and Heritage in a Globalising World: Diverging Identities in a Dynamic Region (Farnham: Ashgate, 2009), Michael Hitchcock, Victor T. King and Michael Parnwell, eds., Heritage Tourism in Southeast Asia (Copenhagen: NIAS Press, 2010), and Victor T. King’s UNESCO in Southeast Asia: World Heritage Sites in Comparative Perspective (Copenhagen: NIAS Press, 2015).