Multi-modal access method (eye-tracking + switch-scanning) for individuals with severe motor impairment: A preliminary investigation

ABSTRACT

Individuals with severe motor impairments often require alternative means to access computers and communication technology. A range of alternative access devices exist; however, most rely on use of a single access modality. While this approach works for some individuals, it can be limiting for others. This study explored the use of a multi-modal prototype (eye-tracking + switch-scanning) on typing performance with a range of individuals with motor impairments. The multi-modal prototype was compared to eye-tracking alone for this study. Results indicated that the multi-modal prototype had significantly slower typing rate but significantly lower total errors compared to eye-tracking alone. Analysis of individual data revealed four subgroups of clinical relevance including individuals that 1) benefit from multi-modal, 2) benefit from eye-tracking, 3) demonstrate learning and 4) demonstrate fluctuating performance.

KEYWORDS:

• alternative access
• eye-tracking
• scanning
• severe motor impairment

Acknowledgements

Our friend and co-author, Dr. David Beukelman, pass away on 2/5/22 prior to the publication of this paper.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

1 Tobii-Dynavox PCEye Mini, Tobii/Dynavox, https://us.tobiidynavox.com/pages/pceye

2 Microsoft® Surface Pro, Microsoft, https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/d/surface-pro.

3 Magic Arm Mount, Enabling Devices, https://enablingdevices.com/product/magic-arm-mounting-system/.

4 Jellybean Switch, AbleNet, Inc., https://www.ablenetinc.com/jelly-bean

5 Swifty USB Switch Interface, Origin Instruments, https://orin.com/access/swifty/

6 SnagIt, TechSmith, https://www.techsmith.com/

Additional information

Funding

Contents of this paper were developed under a grant to the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on Augmentative and Alternative Communication (RERC on AAC) from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR grant #90RE5017 & 90REGE0014). Contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the funding agency; endorsement by the federal government should not be assumed.