A Metal Free, Hantzsch Synthesis for Privileged Scaffold 1, 4-Dihydropyridines: A Glycerol Promoted Sustainable Protocol

Abstract

An eco-compatible, facile and clean strategy for the synthesis of 1, 4-dihydropyridine (1, 4-DHP) derivatives has been reported through one pot multi-component Hantzsch reaction using glycerol as a promoting medium. A nontoxic and cheap by-product of biodiesel industry i.e., glycerol has been utilized as a reaction condition in our protocol. The reported protocol offers a greener, economical and expeditious synthesis of biologically significant 1, 4-DHPs with moderate to excellent yields with high atom economy under metal free mild reaction conditions. In addition, operational simplicity, cost effectiveness, and reusability are the additional advantages of our protocol with the avoidance of hazardous volatile solvents.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• 1,4-dihydropyridines
• privileged sacffolds
• Hantzsch synthesis
• metal free
• glycerol promoted
• green synthesis

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge SAIF, Punjab University Chandigarh for providing spectroscopic and analytical data. The authors are also thankful to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and University Grant Commission, New Delhi for financial support and Head, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad for providing necessary basic facilities.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts to declare.