A Simple and Efficient Ligand-Free Copper-Catalyzed C-N Bond Formation of Aryl (Hetero) Halides and N-Heteroaryl Amines

Abstract

In this protocol, we report a simple, inexpensive, and user-friendly conventional method for C-N cross coupling between aryl/heteroaryl halides and hetero aryl amines using copper iodide as a catalyst in DMSO as a solvent to prepare pyrimidines and pyrazines derivatives. The reaction conditions were optimized by screening in various copper catalysts and bases. The substrate scope of the reaction was also carried out to prepare novel functionalized N-arylated compounds in good yields.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Ullman coupling
• ligand free
• CuI
• N-heteroaryl amines
• pyrimidines and pyrazines

Acknowledgment

Dr. Krishnaji acknowledges CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore for funding Major Research Project (MRP # MRPDSC-1723).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

Dr. Krishnaji acknowledges CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore for funding Major Research Project (MRP # MRPDSC-1723).