Green Synthesis and Study of Biological Activity of New Benzopyrimidoazepines: Reduction of Organic Pollutants Using Synthesized Fe₃O₄/TiO₂/CuO@MWCNTs MNCs

Abstract

In this work rhizome of Petasites hybridus was used for preparing water extract and utilized as green media for generating Fe₃O₄/TiO₂/CuO@ Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) magnetic nanocomposites and its activity was evaluated by using in the one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs) of anilines, diethyl oxalate, activated acetylenic compounds, α-haloketones, ammonium acetate and aroyle(alkaloyl)isocyanates in aqueous at room temperature to produce of novel benzopyrimidoazepine derivatives in excellent yields. Moreover, the reduction of organic pollutants such 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) was performed by synthesized Fe₃O₄/TiO₂/CuO@MWCNTs in H₂O at room temperature. The outcomes showed this catalyst was decreased organic contaminants in the low time. The generated benzopyrimidoazepines have hydroxyl and two NH functional groups that have acidic hydrogen and show high antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity order of some synthesized compounds was as TBHQ ≈ BHT>7b>7d>7c>7a. Also, antimicrobial ability of obtained benzopyrimidoazepines was investigated with the disk diffusion method, and two Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and compounds 7b, 7c, 7e, and 7g have maximum effect on Escherichia coli relative to Gram positive and negative bacteria due to good diameter of inhibition zone. The short time of reactions, excellent efficiency of product, easy separation of catalyst and products employed process to the synthesis of benzopyrimidoazepines are some advantages of this procedure.

HIGHLIGHTS

• Green chemistry is the use of a set of principles to reduce or eliminate the use or generation of unsafe materials in the design, fabrication, and applications of chemical products. Among solvents, water is a green solvent and very suitable for performing the organic reaction.

• The present procedure avoids the use of toxic solvents.

• Heterocyclic compounds hold a prominent position in medicinal chemistry owing to their wide spectrum of biological activities, such as antimalarial, antimicrobial, antitumor, anticancer, antidepressant, antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-HIV. The benzoazepine skeleton is a famous pharmacophore that is existed in several behavioral disorder drugs, such as imipramine, diazepam, and lorazepam.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Diethyl oxalate
• benzopyrimidoazepines
• multi-component reaction
• alkyl bromide
• anilines