A Novel Recyclable Bi-Mg-O Composite Nano-Catalyst Promoted Rapid and Efficient Synthesis of Spirooxindole and 4H-Pyran Derivatives

Abstract

A novel Bi-Mg-O composite nano-catalyst was prepared by using Bi(NO₃)₃ and nano-MgO. Prepared catalyst was characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique which confirms its nano-crystalline nature and composition. The synthesized novel catalyst Bi-Mg-O was found to be competent catalyst for the synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives by multicomponent reaction of isatin, dimedone, malononitrile and 4H-pyran derivatives by reaction of dimedone, aryl aldehydes and malononitrile using ethanol as solvent at room temperature. The nanocatalyst proved to be recyclable as it is recycled and recovered for three runs without notable loss in catalytic activity. All synthesized derivatives were obtained in exemplary yields. Novel recyclable nanocatalyst, good yields of products, and benign reaction conditions are the noteworthy aspects of the present protocol.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Nano-catalyst
• Bi-Mg-O
• XRD
• SEM
• XPS
• recyclability
• different derivatives

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

One of the authors, A. G. Mulik gratefully acknowledges Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) program, Maharashtra, India for financial assistance.