Bioconvective flow of a variable properties hybrid nanofluid over a spinning disk with Arrhenius activation energy, Soret and Dufour impacts

Abstract

This paper explores the heat and mass transfer by hybrid nanofluids flow over a spinning disk in the presence of oxytactic microorganisms. During this study, the Soret and Dufour together with Lorentz force impacts are considered. The worked nano-mixture is assumed to be having time-dependent dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity and its components are methanol-based hybrid nanofluid comprising $\mathit{\text{CuO}}$ and $\mathit{\text{MgO}}$ nanoparticles. The disk surface is permeable and various aspects such as thermal radiation, heat generation and Arrhenius activation energy are taken into account. The governing equations are treated numerically and suitable similar transformations are introduced. The obtained results revealed that both of the velocity and temperature gradients are enhanced as the absolute values of unsteadiness parameter and nanoparticles concentrations are rising. However, the flow is slowdown as the temperature-dependent variable viscosity parameter is growing.

Keywords:

• Arrhenius energy
• hybrid nanofluids
• hydrothermal flow
• soret and dufour
• spinning disk
• variable properties

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through large group Research Project under grant number RGP2/64/44.