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Abstract
A direct-predictor method is proposed to predict a steady terminal shape of a rising bubble through a quiescent liquid, in which a local imbalance of the total normal stress is used to improve new positions of the bubble interface by an iteration approach. The deformation of a nearly skirted bubble is tracked by applying this method in nonorthogonal boundary-fitted coordinates (BFCs). Completed and satisfactory solutions are achieved for 0.5 h Re h 200 and We h 50 . The results show that the method is very effective for solving such free surface flows past a bubble with larger deformation.