Flow Injection Techniques for Tetracycline Quantification: A Review

Abstract

The multiple therapeutic potentials of tetracycline and its worldwide usage have encouraged researchers to develop various methods for its assay in various matrices and for different purposes. In this regard, different analytical techniques have been exploited. Among those techniques is flow injection (FI), which is an extended family of three generations and five versions. The current manuscript reviews the utilization of FI techniques for developing assay methods for tetracycline. The review covers more than forty methods, since the inception of FI techniques and up to date. The review highlights the advantages of the application of FI techniques for quantification of tetracycline in terms of reagent consumption, sample frequency, accuracy, and practitioner safety, besides instrumentation simplicity and cost-effectiveness. The review also addresses applications to several matrices ranging from simple matrices such as standard solutions and pharmaceutical formulations to complex matrices such as biological fluids and food. Prior to the review, a brief background on the principles and developments of FI techniques is illustrated.

Keywords:

• Bead injection analysis
• flow injection analysis
• sequential injection analysis
• sequential injection chromatography
• tetracycline

Additional information

Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Scientific Research Deanship at King Khalid University and the Ministry of Education in KSA for funding this research work through the project number IFP-KKU-2020/4.