Biosynthesis of citrus flavonoids and their health effects

Abstract

Citrus-derived flavonoids play important roles in the regulation of physiological conditions of citrus plants, including color changes of flower and fruit, flavor development, and anti-stress physiology. Moreover, citrus flavonoids possess multiple health-promoting effects in humans, and they are important ingredients for nutraceuticals and functional foods. The biosynthesis of flavonoids in citrus plants is of special significance because it determines the chemical structures and bioaccumulation of these bioactive compounds in the plants, which consequently influences their physiological functions in both citrus plants and human body. This review systematically summarizes: 1) the biosynthesis pathway of citrus-derived flavonoids, 2) the biosynthesis location and distribution of flavonoids in citrus plants, 3) the factors affecting flavonoid biosynthesis, 4) the biological significance of flavonoid biosynthesis in citrus plants, and 5) the health-promoting properties of citrus-derived flavonoids. The collation of this information provides scientific guidance for the development of healthy citrus foods and other health-promoting products containing citrus flavonoids.

Keywords:

• Citrus
• flavonoids
• biosynthesis
• health effects

Acknowledgments

We appreciate National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31401581), the Elite Youth Program (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences), and the financial support from Chenguang Biotech Group Co., Ltd. We also acknowledge the support from the National Center for Complementary & Integrative Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01AT010229.