Communicating Antibiotic Stewardship: Emotional Responses and Their Impact on Adherence

ABSTRACT

Although watchful watching has been recommended as a means of reducing unnecessary use of antibiotics, nonadherence has frequently been observed. Drawing from appraisal theories of emotion, this study (n = 579) examined (a) the factors that shape pediatric caregivers’ emotional experiences in the medical contexts and (b) the influence of emotions on (non)adherence behavioral intentions. Caregivers reported more intense negative emotions and less intense positive emotions following watchful waiting advice versus receiving an antibiotic prescription. The differences were mostly driven by false beliefs about antibiotics’ effectiveness. Emotional responses predicted intentions to adhere to watchful waiting advice (e.g., counterargue and seek another healthcare provider), with anger being the most consistent determinant of these outcomes. Improving antibiotic stewardship can be achieved by educational efforts to correct false beliefs and by training healthcare providers to manage caregiver emotions.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by CDC’s investments to combat antibiotic resistance under award number 200-2016-91939, and CDC-RFA-CK14-1401PPHF14. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.