Analysis of the Leaf, Rhizome and Root Oils of Two Accessions of Alpinia calcarata Rosc. Cultivated at Bhubaneswar

Abstract

Alpinia calcarata collected from Berhampur (Orissa) and Bangalore (Karnataka) India were multiplied and grown in an experimental garden in Bhubaneswar. The oils obtained from the leaves, rhizomes and roots of both the accessions were analyzed by combination of capillary GC and GC/MS. In all 85 constituents were identified constituting 81–98% of oil. It was found that the leaf oils of both the accessions were quite similar, the major components being α-pinene (5.3–6.3%), camphene (3.5–6.0%), β-pinene (16.8–29.1%), 1,8-cineole (21.9–24.7%), camphor (4.9–8.0%), (E)-methyl cinnamate (2.0–2.9%) and carotol (1.3–6.1%). In the rhizome oil of the Bangalore accession, geraniol was the major component, but it was not detected in the oils from the Berhampur accession. In the rhizome oil the major components were α-pinene (1.9–2.3%), camphene (4.4–5.5%), β-pinene (2.0–4.1%), 1,8-cineole (21.2–25.7%), camphor (2.6–4.6%), α-fenchyl acetate (10.2–29.2%) and geraniol (0–34.3%), while the root oil had β-pinene (3.54.7%), camphene (9.0–12.3%), 1,8-cineole (15.1–15.5%), α-fenchyl acetate (39.1–45.2%) and geraniol (0–4.2%) as the major constituents.

Key Word Index:

• Alpinia calcarata
• Zingiberaceae
• essential oil composition
• β-pinene
• 1–8-cineole
• α-fenchyl acetate
• geraniol