Chemical characterization of the essential oils from leaves of mandarins Sunki, Cleopatra and their hybrids

Abstract

Sunki Mandarin [Citrus sunki (Hayata) hort. ex Tanaka] is a type of micromandarin from South China largely used as a rootstock in Brazil. Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni hort. ex. Tanaka) is a well-formed tree, ornamental, with red-orange fruits. The main objective of this work was to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil in leaves of accessions of Sunki and Cleopatra mandarins and hybrids. The essential oils were obtained from the leaves by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The oil yields ranged from 1.27% (BCG562 – Hybrid of ‘Sunki’ C12080) to 0.33% (BCG564 – Sunki from Florida) (dry weight basis), and fifty-five constituents were detected. The major constituents were β-pinene (2.5–49.9%), limonene (0–49.0%), sabinene (0.5–35.2%), linalool (0.7–27.3%), thymol methyl ether (0–22.3%), p-cymene (0.2–21.2%), γ-terpinene (0–15.1%), 1.8-cineole (0–11.0%), terpinen-4-ol (0.5–9.4%), (E)-β-ocimene (0.6–6.4%), α-pinene (1.1–4.4%), (E)-nerolidol (1.0–3.2%), α-terpineol (0.4–3.0%) and myrcene (0.7–2.4%).

Keywords:

• Citrus sunki
• Citrus reshni
• genetic resources

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Citros Active Germplasm Bank team of Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura for the availability of the plant material. We are also grateful for the support of the University of Brasilia graduate program.