An inhibitory retrieval approach for maximizing exposure therapy in elite sport

Abstract

Inhibitory retrieval has redefined the way that exposure therapy can help individuals cope with debilitative states of fear and anxiety. Here we propose that an inhibitory retrieval-based model of exposure therapy could also be applied to the context of sport competition. We first discuss the usefulness of applying inhibitory retrieval-based exposure to emotion regulation in sport environments and provide therapeutic strategies for adopting this approach for athletes with performance anxiety and states of fear of failure. This proposal is followed by a case description that illustrates how this inhibitory retrieval approach could be used to help athletes get better at coping with fear and anxiety during a sport competition. We conclude by providing further guidelines for helping practitioners apply the inhibitory retrieval approach while working with athletes who experience debilitative states of anxiety during sport competition. Lay summary: This theoretical and case study paper discusses the application of inhibitory retrieval-based exposure for helping athletes who experience dysfunctional states of anxiety during competition. Inhibitory retrieval-based exposure aims to assist the athletes in creating new experiences when confronted with the pressure of sport competition. Here we aim to describe in detail how inhibitory retrieval-based exposure could be applied to sport environments by providing therapeutic strategies for adopting this approach for athletes with performance anxiety and states of fear of failure.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE

• Inhibitory retrieval-based exposure helps athletes cope with states of debilitative anxiety.

• This approach should also help athletes focus on optimal ways to perform under anxiety.

• Inhibitory retrieval-based exposure should reinvigorate the athlete-environment dynamic.