Implications for problem‐solving groups of empirical research on ‘brainstorming’: A critical review of the literature

Abstract

This paper attempts a review and critical examination of brainstorming as a purported aid to creative problem solving in groups. The review presents: (1) a discussion of the history of brainstorming and its practice; (2) a survey of empirical studies of brainstorming; and (3) an examination of theoretical explanations for superior brainstorming performance by individuals as against that of groups. Pedagogical implications are discussed in an attempt to correct the uncritical appraisal of brainstorming offered by most small‐group textbook writers.