Retinoic Acid-induced Cell Cycle Arrest of Human Myeloid Cell Lines

Abstract

Retinoic acid-induced terminal differentiation of myeloid cells involves the sequential regulation of cell cycle regulatory genes, coordinating the process of differentiation with arrest in the G₀/G₁ phase of the cell cycle. In this review we have summarized changes in expression andactivity of cell cycle regulatory proteins associated with retinoic acid induced-growth arrest in human myeloid cell lines. These changes involve: (i) an early down-regulation of c-Myc; (ii) up-regulation of p21^CIP1 and p27^KIP1 and, in some cases, p15^INK4b or p18^INK4c; (iii) down-regulation of cyclin E and cyclin D1/D3, and, at later stages, cyclin A and cyclin B; and (iv) decreased CDK activity and dephosphorylation of pRb.

• Retinoic acid-induced differentiation
• Myeloid
• Cell cycle
• U-937
• HL-60
• NB-4