Pulmonary hypertension in patients with essential thrombocythemia and reactive thrombocytosis

Abstract

Increased incidence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been reported in patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders. The exact incidence of PH in essential thrombocythemia (ET) is unknown. Most of the reported literature consists of case reports or small studies. We designed this study to asses the incidence of PH in patients with ET and reactive thrombocytosis. Previously or newly diagnosed 46 patients with ET, and 40 patients with reactive thrombocytosis secondary to iron deficiency anemia were found to be eligible for this study. Diagnosis of PH was established via transthoracic echocardiography. PH was found in 22 (47.8%) out of 46 patients with ET. Seven patients with PH were newly diagnosed ET, 5 patients with PH were in low, and the other patients with PH were in intermediate or high risk category. We found statistically significant difference in terms of platelet counts between ET patients with PH and without PH (p = 0.027). None of the patients with reactive thrombocytosis had PH. In conclusion, PH appears to be common in patients with ET. Therefore, all patients with ET should be evaluated for PH. Larger and prospective studies are required to clarify the long-term impact of PH on the survival of these patients. Future studies are also needed to determine whether cytoreductive treatment and aspirin prevent the development of PH, and to determine the effects of cytoreductive treatments and aspirin on the prognosis of PH. The effect of PH on ET prognosis should also be determined in low risk ET patients.

Keywords:

• Essential thrombocythemia
• pulmonary hypertension
• echocardiography
• thrombocytosis