Solvent and Formaldehyde Exposure in Parquet and Carpet Work

Abstract

Hazardous, solvent-containing products are still widely used in carpet and parquet work. In this study, exposure of Finnish parquet and carpet workers to solvents was monitored. In addition, formaldehyde concentrations were measured during varnishing work. Three carpet and three parquet firms participated in the study. The measurements were carried out at 13 construction sites during 16 working days.

In parquet work, the highest solvent concentrations were measured during puttying and undercoat varnishing. Mean additive concentrations of solvents were 6.5 to 7.3 times higher than the limit value, compared to the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Values 1988–89. For coating parquetry with a urea-formaldehyde-based varnish, the additive concentration of solvents was 3.3 times that recommended, and the mean formaldehyde concentration was 4.3 ppm. Dispersion adhesives used for installing parquetry and carpets did not emit solvent vapors in considerable amounts. However, using contact and synthetic resin adhesives in rooms with poor ventilation resulted in an additive concentration of solvents that was 3–5 times the amount recommended.

Exposure of carpet and parquet fitters to solvents can best be reduced By changing from solvent-based products to water-based ones. High solvent concentrations can also be reduced by introducing more effective ventilation and improving upon the use of respirators.