Estimating the Probability of the Public Perceiving a Decrease in Atmospheric Haze

Abstract

Regional haze regulations require progress toward reducing atmospheric haze as measured by particle scattering coefficient of visible light. From a practical perspective, this raises the following question: Given a decrease in extinction, what is the probability that people will notice an improvement in visibility? This paper proposes a quantitative definition of the probability of a perceptible increase in visibility given a decrease in light extinction and a general method to estimate this probability from perception measurements made in the field under realistic conditions. Using data from a recent study of visibility perception by 8 observers, it is estimated that a 2–4 deci-view change gives a 67% maximum probability of detecting the improvement. Stated another way, the odds of seeing a difference are at most 2:1 for a change of 2–4 deciviews. A 90% probability requires a change of at least 3.5–7.0 deciviews. The limitations and possible bias in the results of this study are discussed. These results may have a major effect on the cost-benefit analysis of regulatory actions to improve visibility.