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Abstract
Mammary epithelial cell (MEC) is the basic unit of the mammary gland that synthesizes milk components including milk protein and milk fat. MECs can sense to extracellular stimuli including nutrients such as amino acids though different sensors and signaling pathways. Here, we review recent advances in the regulatory mechanism of amino acids on milk protein and fat synthesis in MECs. We also highlight how these mechanisms reflect the amino acid requirements of MECs and discuss the current and future prospects for amino acid regulation in milk production.
Author Contributions
Meihong Han: Wrote paper. Minghui Zhang: Wrote, revised, and submission.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Additional information
Funding
This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 31700683].