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Original Articles

How many treatment sessions and patients are needed to create a stable score of adherence and competence in the treatment of cocaine dependence?

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Pages 475-488 | Received 31 Jul 2011, Accepted 03 Mar 2012, Published online: 26 Mar 2012
 

Abstract

The study utilized a generalizability theory analysis of adherence and competence ratings to evaluate the number of sessions and patients needed to yield dependable scores at the patient and therapist levels. Independent judges' ratings of supportive expressive therapy (n = 94), cognitive therapy (n = 103), and individual drug counseling (n = 98) were obtained on tapes of sessions from the NIDA Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study. Generalizability coefficients revealed that, for all three treatments, ratings made on approximately five to 10 sessions per patient are needed to achieve sufficient dependability at the patient level. At the therapist level, four to 14 patients need to be evaluated (depending on the modality), to yield dependable scores. Many studies today use fewer numbers.

Diese Studie nutzte eine generalizability theory analysis der Adhärenz und Kompetenz Ratings um die Anzahl an Sitzungen und Patienten zu evaluieren, die notwendig sind um verlässliche Werte auf dem Patienten- und Therapeuten-Level zu erhalten. Das Rating unabhängiger Beurteiler bezüglich unterstützend Expressiver Therapie (n = 94), Kognitiver Therapie (n = 103) und individueller Drogenberatung (n = 98) wurden auf Grundlage von Videobändern von Sitzungen der NIDA Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study generiert. Die Generalisierbarkeitskoeffizienten zeigen für alle drei Behandlungen, dass schätzungsweise fünf bis zehn Sitzungen pro Patient notwendig sind um ausreichende Verlässlichkeit auf dem Patientenlevel zu erreichen. Auf Ebene der Therapeuten waren vier bis vierzehn Patienten notwendig (abhängig von der Behandlungsmodalität), um verlässliche Werte zu gewährleisten. Viele Studien heutzutage nutzen weniger Werte.

Resumo

O estudo utilizou uma análise da teoria de generalização de ratings de adesão e competência para avaliar o número de sessões e pacientes necessários de forma a conceber scores fidedignos ao nível do paciente e do terapeuta. Os ratings/pontuações atribuídos por juízes/cotadores independentes da terapia expressiva de apoio (n _ 94), da terapia cognitiva (n _ 103), e do aconselhamento individual sobre drogas (n _ 98) foram obtidos através das filmagens de sessões do NIDA Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study. Os coeficientes de generalização revelaram que, para os três tratamentos, as pontuações atribuídas a cerca de cinco a 10 sessões por paciente são necessárias para alcançar confiabilidade suficiente ao nível do paciente. A nível do terapeuta, é necessários avaliar entre quatro e 14 pacientes (dependendo da modalidade), para se obter pontuações de confiança. Atualmente, muitos estudos utilizam números inferiores.

Este estudio realizó un análisis en base a la teoria de la generalizabiidad, evaluando los puntajes de adherencia y competencia adecuados para ponderar el número de pacientes y de sesiones necesarios para lograr un índice confiable a nivel tanto de terapeutas como de pacientes. Se utilizaron evaluaciones de jueces independientes para evaluar la terapia expresiva de apoyo (n 94), cognitiva (n 104) y el counselling personalizado en relación al uso de sustancias (n 93), tomando para el estudio sesiones registradas en audio del Estudio Colaborativo de Tratamiento de Consumo de Cocaina NIDA. Los coeficientes de generazibilidad revelaron que, para los tres tipos de tratamientos, se precisan evaluacines que se apoyen en un número de 5 a 10 sesiones para que la información referida a los pacientes sea suficientemente confiable. En relación a los terapeutas, se precisan tomar entre 4 y 14 casos (según el tipo de tratamiento) para lograr puntajes confiables. Muchos estudios todavía están usando números menores a los establecidos.

Acknowledgments

This study used data from the National Institute on Drug Abuse Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study (NIDA CCTS), Philadelphia, USA. The study was supported by the Psychotherapy Research Center, Philadelphia, USA, the Department of Psychology, Umeå, Sweden, and the Swedish Council for Working life and Social Research, Stockholm, Sweden.

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