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ARTICLES

Mentalization-based therapy adherence and competence stimulates in-session mentalization in psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder with co-morbid substance dependence

, , , & ORCID Icon
Pages 749-765 | Received 16 Mar 2015, Accepted 11 Feb 2016, Published online: 19 Apr 2016
 

Abstract

Objective: To test whether adherence to mentalization-based treatment (MBT) principles predict better patient in-session mentalizing. Methods: Two sessions for each of 15 patients with borderline personality disorder and comorbid substance abuse disorder were rated for MBT adherence and competence. Individual patient statements were rated for Reflective Functioning (RF), therapist statements were rated as demanding RF or not. Data were analysed using multilevel modelling. Results: MBT adherence and competence predicted higher session RF (β = .58–.75), even while controlling for pre-treatment RF. In addition, therapist interventions directed toward exploring mental states predicted higher RF of subsequent patient responses (β = .11–.12). Conclusions: MBT adherence and competence were significantly related to patient in-session mentalizing, supporting the validity of MBT principles. Results point to the importance of supervision for therapists to become adherent to MBT principles. The small number of patients and sessions limits generalizability of results.

Resumo

Objetivo: testar se a adesão aos princípios de tratamento baseado em mentalização (TBM) prevê melhor mentalização do paciente na sessão. Método: duas sessões para cada um dos 15 pacientes com transtorno de personalidade borderline e comorbidade com transtorno de abuso de substâncias foram classificadas para adesão e competência no TBM. As verbalizações dos pacientes foram classificadas para o Funcionamento Reflectivo (FR), e as declarações dos terapeutas foram classificadas como demandando FR ou não. Os dados foram analisados ​​usando modelagem multinível. Resultados: a adesão ao TBM e a competência predisseram sessões com FR mais alto (β=0,58 –0,75), mesmo quando controladas para FR pré-tratamento. Além disso, as intervenções de terapeutas voltadas para a exploração de estados mentais predisseram maior FR de respostas subsequentes dos pacientes (β=0,11-0,12). Conclusão: a adesão e a competência do TBM relacionaram-se significativamente com a mentalização do paciente na sessão, apoiando a validade dos princípios do TBM. Os resultados apontam para a importância da supervisão dos terapeutas para se tornarem aderentes aos princípios do TBM. O pequeno número de pacientes e sessões limita a generalização dos resultados.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Zu untersuchen, ob die Adhärenz zu mentalisierungsbasierten Behandlungprinzipien (MBT) eine bessere Mentalisierung des Patienten innerhalb der Sitzung vorhersagt. Methoden: Zwei Sitzungen von jedem der 15 Patienten mit Borderline Persönlichkeitsstörung und komorbidem Substanzmissbrauch wurden bezüglich MBT-Adhärenz und -Kompetenz eingeschätzt. Individuelle Patientenaussagen wurden bezüglich des reflektiven Funktionierens (RF) eingeschätzt. Therapeutenaussagen wurden bezüglich ihrer Forderung nach RF (oder nicht) eingeschätzt. Daten wurden unter Verwendung von Mehrebenenmodellen analysiert. Ergebnisse: MBT-Adhärenz und -Kompetenz sagten ein höheres RF in der Sitzung vorher (β=.58-.75), selbst wenn für das RF Prä-Behandlung kontrolliert wurde. Darüber hinaus sagten Therapeuteninterventionen, die auf eine Exploration von mentalen Zuständen abzielten, ein höheres RF von anschließenden Patientenantworten vorher (β=.11-.12). Schlussfolgerungen: MBT-Adhärenz und -Kompetenz waren signifikant mit der Mentalisierung des Patienten in der Sitzung assoziiert, was die Validität der MBT-Prinzipien untermauert. Die Ergebnisse weisen auf die Wichtigkeit von Supervision für die Entwicklung von Therapeutenadhärenz zu MBT-Prinzipien hin. Die kleine Anzahl von Patienten und Sitzungen setzt der Generalisierbarkeit der Ergebnisse Grenzen.

摘要

目的:本研究旨在測詴以心智為本處遇(MBT)原則的堅持能否預測個案在晤談歷程中有更加的心智化。 方法:15位邊緣型人格合併物質依賴之個案,每位接受兩次晤談並使用MBT堅持與能力量表進行評分。個案的個別陳述係評定其反思功能(RF),治療師的陳述則是評定為要求或不要求反思功能。使用多階層模式分析資料。結果:即便控制住處遇前的反思功能(RF)分數,MBT堅持與能力仍預測了較高的晤談反思功能分數(β=.58–.75)。又,若治療師的介入有朝向心智狀態之探索,則可預測個案的後續反應會有較高的反思功能分數(β=.11–.12)。結論:MBT的堅持與能力,與個案在晤談中的心智化有顯著相關,因此支持MBT原則的效果。研究結果更指出治療師接受督導的重要性,這使得治療師能夠更堅持MBT原則。本研究的個案人數與晤談次數均較少,限制本研究結果之推論性。

Obiettivo: verificare se l'aderenza ai principi del trattamento basato sulla mentalizzazione (MBT) preveda una migliore mentalizzazione del paziente in seduta. Metodi: È stata valutata l'aderenza e la competenza nella MBT in due sedute relative al trattamento di 15 pazienti con disturbo di personalità borderline e disturbo di abuso di sostanze in comorbilità. Sono state siglate le affermazioni dei pazienti con la Reflective Functioning (RF), le affermazioni del terapeuta sono state classificate come stimolanti la RF o no. I dati sono stati analizzati utilizzando un modello multilivello. Risultati: L'aderenza e la competenza nella MBT prevedevano una RF più alta in seduta (β=.58-.75), anche controllando i dati per la RF pre-trattamento. Inoltre, gli interventi del terapeuta volti a esplorare gli stati mentali prevedevano una maggiore RF nelle risposte successive del paziente (β=.11 -.12). Conclusioni: L'aderenza e la competenza nella MBT risultano correlate in modo significativo alla mentalizzazione del paziente in seduta, sostenendo la validità dei principi della MBT. I Risultati indicano l'importanza della supervisione dei terapeuti per aderire ai principi della MBT. Il numero ristretto di pazienti e sedute limita la possibilità di generalizzare i Risultati.

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Corrigendum

Acknowledgements

The MBTDD project was funded by grants from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (20070457), and by ALF-funding from Stockholm County Council and Karolinska Institutet(20080487). Warm thanks to Karin Lindvist and Jakob Mechler, who did the pretherapy ratings of Reflective Functioning.

Notes

1 The coding of demand/permit for therapist interventions and RF of subsequent patient statements was not done independently, that is, the same rater did both ratings. This means that one theoretical possibility for omitted variable bias would be a rater effect. However, we find this unlikely given that the raters were unaware at the time of rating that the relationship between demand/permit and subsequent RF would be tested.

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