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ARTICLES

Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for children and families

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Pages 47-57 | Received 28 Apr 2016, Accepted 24 Jun 2016, Published online: 22 Jul 2016
 

Abstract

Objective: This article provides information about trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT), an evidence-based treatment for traumatized children, adolescents, and families. Method: The evolution of the TF-CBT model is described from the perspective of the treatment developers, including population of focus, conceptual and methodological features of the research, critical challenges and design issues that have been confronted, and how they have been addressed. Major research findings and their implications for clinical practice are also described, as well as future research challenges and directions for young researchers starting out in this field. Results: The TF-CBT model has been been tested in a variety of challenging research settings and has strong evidence for improving trauma symptoms across diverse populations of traumatized children. Conclusions: TF-CBT is an effective and widely used treatment for addressing childhood trauma.

Resumo

Objetivo: Este artigo fornece informações sobre terapia cognitivo-comportamental focada no trauma (TCC-FT), um tratamento baseada em evidências para crianças, adolescentes e famílias traumatizadas. Método: A evolução do modelo TCC-FT é descrito na perspectiva dos desenvolvedores de tratamento, incluindo a população de foco, as características conceitual e metodológica da pesquisa, os desafios críticos e os problemas de delineamento encontrados e como eles foram abordados. Os achados importantes da pesquisa e suas implicações para a prática clínica também são descritos, bem como os desafios para pesquisas futuras e as direções para jovens investigadores que começam neste campo. Resultados: O modelo TCC-FT tem sido testado em uma variedade de condições desafiadoras de pesquisa desafiadoras e tem fortes evidências para melhorar os sintomas de trauma em diversas populações de crianças traumatizadas. Conclusão: TCC-FT é um tratamento efetivo e amplamente utilizado para o trauma na infância.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Dieser Artikel gibt Informationen über die Trauma-fokussierte kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (TF-CBT), eine evidenzbasierte Behandlung für traumatisierte Kinder, Jugendliche und Familien. Methode: Die Beschreibung der Evolution des TF-CBT Modells wird aus der Perspektive der Behandlungsentwickler dargestellt und umfasst die Zielpopulation, konzeptuelle und methodologische Aspekte der Forschung sowie den Umgang mit kritischen Herausforderungen und Fragen der Versuchsplanung. Die zentralen Forschungsbefunde und deren Implikationen für die klinische Praxis werden auch beschrieben, sowie zukünftige Forschungsherausforderungen und Richtungen für junge Forscher am Anfang ihrer Arbeit in diesem Bereich. Ergebnisse: Das TF-CBT Modell wurde in einer Reihe von herausfordernden Forschungsumfeldern geprüft und weist starke Evidenzen für die Verbesserung von Trauma Symptomen in diversen Populationen traumatisierter Kinder auf. Schlussfolgerungen: TF-CBT ist eine effektive und breit eingesetzte Behandlung von Kindheitstraumata.

摘要

目的:本篇文章提供有關於「以創傷為焦點的認知行為治療」(TF-CBT)的資訊,是一個對於遭受創傷的兒童、青少年與家庭,具實徵基礎的處遇。方法:從發展這個處遇的學者觀點描述TF-CBT模式的演變,包括:聚焦的族群、研究的概念性與方法學特徵、至今面臨的主要挑戰與設計議題、以及上述這些議題是如何被討論的。接續描述主要研究發現以及對臨床實務的影響,以及讓開始涉足這領域的年輕學者了解未來的研究挑戰與方向。結果:TF-CBT模式已在各種具挑戰性的研究場域被測試過,且透過強而有力的證據支持此模式對於遭受創傷經驗兒童的跨多元族群,能改善其創傷症狀。結論:TF-CBT是一個有效且廣泛被使用,以改善兒童時期創傷的處遇方式。

Obiettivo: in questo articolo vengono presentati elementi della terapia cognitivo comportamentale focalizzata sul trauma (TF-CBT), un trattamento basato sull'evidenza per bambini traumatizzati, adolescenti e famiglie. Metodo: Viene descritta l'evoluzione del modello TF-CBT dal punto di vista degli sviluppatori del trattamento, oltre alla popolazione in oggetto, alle caratteristiche concettuali e metodologiche della ricerca, alle sfide critiche e agli aspetti progettuali che sono stati messi a confronto e al modo in cui sono stati affrontati. Vengono inoltre descritti i principali risultati della ricerca e le loro implicazioni per la pratica clinica, nonché le future sfide della ricerca e le indicazioni per i giovani ricercatori che iniziano il loro impegno in questo campo. Risultati: è stato testato il modello TF-CBT in diversi contesti di ricerca impegnativi e ha ottenuto forti evidenze del miglioramento dei sintomi traumatici in diverse popolazioni di bambini traumatizzati. Conclusioni: TF-CBT è un trattamento efficace e ampiamente utilizzato per affrontare i traumi infantili.

Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the funding agencies, project officers and research staff who supported our research; the clinical and support staff at the Allegheny General Hospital Center for Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents and the Rowan University CARES Institute; and the children and families who have taught us so much and made all of our research possible.

Additional information

Funding

Funding for the preparation of this manuscript was provided in part from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [grant number SM 61257].

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