The Russian Intelligentsia and Russia’s Social Institutions: Trust or Alienation

ABSTRACT

This article considers the institutional trust of Russia’s humanitarian intelligentsia, describes its underlying qualities, characterizes the structure of institutional trust, reveals the essence and prerequisites of its occurrence, and analyzes the elements of institutional structure. The intelligentsia demonstrates a very high level of trust in the Russian president, but the attitudes and motives of this trust differ significantly (the difference between true supporters and passive observers). Trust in the military reflects the intelligentsia’s recognition of its merits and role in ensuring the security of the state. Complete trust in the church indicates the intelligentsia’s identification with its values and goals. The intelligentsia’s low level of trust in political institutions is part of a contemporary international trend—a sense of injustice, the belief that things will not improve, and incredulity about the future undermine trust in the state. Trust of the police and the courts is low, largely due to widespread prejudice, low awareness of their activities, and rare interactions with them. The intelligentsia’s trust in television and the press is very limited; however, television remains the main source of news, while an important alternative is the Internet. The low level of institutional trust among members of the humanitarian intelligentsia is combined with conservatism, paternalism, and civic and political passivity, and is more likely an indication of disappointment and alienation than an active criticism of Russian institutions.

KEYWORDS:

• institutional trust
• institutions
• trust
• intelligentsia

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The Russian Intelligentsia and Russia’s Social Institutions: Trust or Alienation

Notes

¹ Both surveys were conducted as part of the Russian Science Foundation research project, no. 1418-02016.

² “Voennaia ugroza i sostoianie rossiiskoi armii,” Russian Public Opinion Research Center, Press Release No. 2529, March 4, 2014. (Available at https://infographics.wciom.ru/theme-archive/politics/internal-policy/army-defence/article/voennaja- ugroza-i-sostojanie-rossiiskoi-armii.html; accessed April 1, 2017.)

³ “Obraz rossiiskoi armii,” Russian Public Opinion Research Center, Press Release No. 3311, February 21, 2017. (Available at https://infographics.wciom.ru/theme-archive/politics/internal-policy/security-agencies/article/obraz-rossiiskoi- armii.html; date of access April 1, 2017.)

⁴ Edelman Trust Barometer, 2017. Executive summary. (Available at www.edelman.com/executive- summary; accessed on April 1, 2017.)

⁵ “Rabota politsii: doverie i otsenki,” Press release of the Russian Public Opinion Research Center, no. 3239, November 11, 2016. (Available at https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=115938; accessed on April 1, 2017.)