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Original Articles

Five Systematic Transformations and Their Impacts on Academic Profession in China

 

Abstract:

The dynamism of contemporary Chinese society reflects itself in higher education and the academic profession. The remarkable changes in the past 30 years include the shifting from a planned system to a market system on one hand, and the shifting from a closed system to an open system on the other hand. Five obvious transformations in higher education resulted from this social dynamism. They are identified as massification, decentralization, marketization, differentiation, and internationalization respectively. Such a dynamic context has complicated the scenario for the Chinese academic profession.

Notes

Data source: National Bureau of Statistics of China, Retrieved August 2015 from http://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=C01.

Data source: China Ministry of Education, Retrieved May Citation2014 from http://www.moe.edu.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/moe_573/200505/7679.html.

Data source: China Ministry of Education, Retrieved May, Citation2014 from http://www.moe.edu.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/s7567/201309/156873.html.

Data source: China Ministry of Education, Retrieved May, Citation2014 from http://www.moe.edu.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/moe_633/201203/132634.html.

Website of China Ministry of Education, retrieved August 2015 from http://old.moe.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/s8492/list.html.

Resource: The report on the development of private education in past 10 years. Retrieved in May 2014 from http://edu.china.com.cn/2013-11/29/content_30747501_7.htm.

Name list of 211 Project universities. From Website of Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, http://www.moe.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/moe_1680/201002/xxgk_82762.html, retrieved May Citation2014.

Over 10 billion yuan to be invested in “211 Project”, http://english.people.com.cn/90001/6381319.html, retrieved May 2014.

Statements on the development of project 211 during the tenth 5-year period from MOE, NDRC and MOF. From Website of Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China. http://www.moe.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/A22_xxgk/201011/xxgk_110575.html, retrieved May Citation2014.

International Rankings and Chinese Higher Education Reform. http://www.wes.org/ewenr/06oct/practical.htm, retrieved May 2014.

The introduction to The Recruitment Program of Global Experts. Retrieved May 2014 from http://www.1000plan.org/qrjh/section/2?m=rcrd.

A document for the tenth annual meeting for Changjiang scholar honorary fellowship. Retrieved May 2014 from http://www.moe.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/moe_2566/200812/42137.html.

Ibid.

Build a team with outstanding talents in higher education institutions: The talk of State Councilors Zhili Chen on the meeting of Changjiang scholar. Retrieved May 2014 from http://www.moe.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/moe_694/200506/9812.html.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Mao Dan

Mao Dan is an assistant professor of higher education in the School of Education at Shanghai Normal University.

Yan Fengqiao

Yan Fengqiao is a professor of higher education in the Graduate School of Education at Peking University.

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