Imposed inequality and miscommunication between physically impaired and physically nonimpaired interactants in American society

This paper discusses American society's pathological reactions toward persons with physical impairments with respect to psychological barriers and pejorative labeling. The issue of stigmatization is discussed, and evidence is provided to suggest that people with visible impairments are treated as second‐class citizens and avoided by members of this culture. Studies show that physically nonimpaired interactants are unprepared for encounters with physically impaired communicators; thus, they experience stress in situations where interaction is necessary. This paper explores proactive communication strategies to reduce stigmatization.

Key terms:

• Impairments
• barriers
• stigma