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Abstract
Nanostructured metallic materials are increasingly investigated for numerous biomedical implant applications. They offer benefits of high strength with enough ductility and often possess superior biocompatibility. Several materials processing routes involving severe plastic deformation of candidate materials lead to bulk nanostructured and surface nanostructured metals. Literature is replete with studies claiming their superior mechanical behaviour and biocompatibility in terms of wettability, cell adhesion and proliferation. In spite of their metallic properties, permanent metallic implants with an expected life span of 15 years or more, often break down prematurely and corrosion of some form is a common cause or trigger. Therefore, in order to ensure reliable performance of newly developed nanostructured metal implants in service, it is necessary to understand their electrochemical degradation behaviour. Concerns stem from adverse reactions from corrosion products, desired longevity of long term implants, and biodegradability of temporary implants. Present review covers the developments in this domain.