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Abstract
Thirteen male competitive swimmers were tested on breath-holding in air and breath-holding in water with a Sanborn visocardette electrocardiograph recorder. The t test statistic showed a significant difference at the .01 level between the two treatments. The bradycardia response was greater than that of poor swimmers reported in other studies, which may be interpreted as indirectly providing evidence supporting the existence of a marked peripheral vasoconstriction in man in response to face submersion in water. Constant exposure to submersion experienced by competitive swimmers did not mediate the bradycardia response.