Substance use Initiation among Justice-Involved Youths: Evidence from the Pathways to Desistance Study

Abstract

This study aimed to identify substance use initiation among justice-involved adolescents transitioning into adulthood. Lifetime use of 11 substances was extracted from the U.S. Pathways to Desistance Study (N = 1,354) and modeled using latent class/transition analyses. Users were categorized into five classes: no/occasional use of alcohol and cannabis; alcohol, cigarette, and cannabis; stimulants; sedatives and hallucinogenic drugs; and all substance use. Justice-involved youths initiate substance use very early on, with substance users having already initiated substances between ages 16 and 23 on average. Those who used few substances at age 16 on average were likely to initiate illicit substances before age 23. Our findings support the importance of ensuring timely access to substance use prevention for this vulnerable population.

Keywords:

• juvenile offenders
• longitudinal
• stage of substance use

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

The Pathways to Desistance study was funded by: United States Department of Health and Human Services (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), Arizona Governor’s Justice Commission [JBISA01224400], United States Department of Health and Human Services (National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, R01 DA019697 01 – 05), John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Pennsylvania Commission on Crime and Delinquency (2001-J05-011944, 2002-J04-13032, 2003-J04-14560, 2004-J04-15849, 2005-J04-17071, 2006-J04-18272), Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (043357), United States Department of Justice (Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice, 1999-IJ-CX-0053, 2008-IJ-CX-0023), United States Department of Justice (Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 2000-MU-MU-0007, 2005-JK-FX-K001, 2007-MU-FX-0002), William Penn Foundation, and William T. Grant Foundation (99-2009-099).