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Abstract
Associations between cocoa consumption in humans, excreted metabolites and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) have been scarcely investigated. The aims of the study were to investigate the epicatechin (( − )-Ec) metabolites excreted in urine samples after an intake of 40 g of cocoa powder along with the TAC of these urine samples and the relation between both the analyses. Each of the 21 volunteers received two interventions, one with a polyphenol-rich food (PRF) and one with a polyphenol-free food (PFF) in a randomized cross-over study. Urine samples were taken before and during 24 h at 0–6, 6–12 and 12–24 h periods after test intake. The excreted ( − )-Ec metabolites and the TAC were determined in urine samples by LC-MS/MS and TEAC assay, respectively. The maximum excretion of ( − )-Ec metabolites and the maximum TAC value were observed in urine samples excreted between 6 and 12 h after PRF consumption. Significance of TAC increase was found in urine samples excreted during 0–6 and 6–12 h (66.6 and 72.67%, respectively, with respect to the 0 h).
| Abbreviations | ||
| ( − )-Ec | = | ( − )-epicatechin |
| ( − )-Ec-G | = | ( − )-epicatechin glucuronide |
| ( − )-Ec-S | = | ( − )-epicatechin-sulphate |
| TAC | = | total antioxidant capacity |
| TEAC | = | trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity |
| Abbreviations | ||
| ( − )-Ec | = | ( − )-epicatechin |
| ( − )-Ec-G | = | ( − )-epicatechin glucuronide |
| ( − )-Ec-S | = | ( − )-epicatechin-sulphate |
| TAC | = | total antioxidant capacity |
| TEAC | = | trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity |