ANALYSIS AND OCCURRENCES OF PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS IN AGRICULTURAL AND AQUATIC PRODUCTS AND WATER FROM CHINA

Abstract

There is limited information about agricultural and aquatic products and water perfluorinated compound (PFCs) concentrations in China. First, a new isotopic dilution LC-MS/MS method was developed preliminarily to mainly determine perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in biota (e.g., channel catfish, crayfish, and hen eggs), and water in this study, and especially for the first time, determine PFOA and PFOS in crayfish. Liquid-solid/liquid-liquid extraction and silica column chromatography cleanup for biota sample preparations were used; some important steps and crucial parameters were modified compared with other published methods and LC and MS/MS conditions were optimized. The limits of quantitation values of 0.04 and 0.2 ng g⁻¹ wet weight in biota were calculated for PFOA and PFOS, respectively; limits of quantitation values of 0.1 and 0.5 ng L⁻¹ in water for PFOA and PFOS, respectively. Using the established methods, PFOA and PFOS emerged in 2 of 40 channel catfish, 5 of 40 crayfish, 3 of 40 home-produced eggs, 3 of 40 water for aquaculture crayfish, 1 of 20 Yangtze River water, and 1 of 20 Hanjiang River water and in low-ng g⁻¹ wet weight for agricultural and aquatic products and low- ng L⁻¹ for water.

Keywords:

• channel catfish
• crayfish
• hen eggs
• isotopic dilution LC-MS/MS
• PFOA
• PFOS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Decong Hu and Xiaozhong Hu contributed equally to this work and are both as the first author and corresponding author.

This study was supported by the Research Projects of General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection, and Quarantine of PRC (2008IK171 and 2009IK139).

Notes

^*The transition reactions were used for quantitative analysis.

^a at spiked levels of 0.4 and 8.0 ng g⁻¹.

^b at spiked levels of 2.0 and 40.0 ng g⁻¹.

^c at spiked levels of 1.0 and 20.0 ng L⁻¹.

^dat spiked levels of 5.0 and 100.0 ng L⁻¹.

^aat spiked level of 0.04 ng g⁻¹

^bat spiked level of 0.2 ng g⁻¹

^cat spiked level of 0.1 ng L⁻¹

^dat spiked level of 0.5 ng L⁻¹.

ND, lower than LOQ.