Determination of Citrinin Using Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction Purification, HPLC Separation, and Fluorescence Detection

Abstract

A liquid chromatography based method to detect citrinin in corn was developed using molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) sample clean-up. Molecularly imprinted polymers were synthesized using 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid as the template and an amine functional monomer. Density functional calculations suggest the mimic template interacts with the functional monomer in a similar manner as citrinin. Freundlich isotherm analysis indicated the template provided a significant imprinting effect for citrinin binding. A high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD) method to detect citrinin in maize was developed utilizing the imprinted polymers for sample clean-up (excitation at 330 nm; emission at 500 nm). Recoveries of citrinin in spiked corn samples (0.03–3 µg g⁻¹) were between 82.3–91.5%. This study demonstrates that molecularly imprinted polymers are applicable in the solid phase extraction clean-up of corn samples for citrinin determination by HPLC-FD.

Keywords:

• food safety
• HPLC
• MIP
• MISPE
• molecularly imprinted polymer
• mycotoxin

Acknowledgments

Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.