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Journal of Neurotherapy
Investigations in Neuromodulation, Neurofeedback and Applied Neuroscience
Volume 15, 2011 - Issue 2
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RESEARCH ARTICLES

Long-Term Effects of Neurofeedback Training in Anterior Cingulate Cortex: A Short Follow-Up Report

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Pages 130-150 | Received 23 Jan 2011, Accepted 01 Mar 2011, Published online: 20 May 2011
 

Abstract

This report is a follow-up illustrating the long-term absolute power and coherence changes in two participants that completed 30 sessions of training 14–18 Hz in the cognitive division of anterior cingulate gyrus. One female after 7 months and 1 male at 13 months agreed for follow-up EEG procedures. We obtained 3-min eyes-closed and eyes-opened baselines for comparison to pretraining eyes-closed and eyes-opened baselines. We utilized Neuroguide version 2.4 for comparisons. We compared pre- and postpsychometric scores. Analysis of variance procedures show significant differences between the pretraining baselines and follow-up baselines. There are significant differences between pre- and postworking memory and processing speed scores. LORETA neurofeedback in the anterior cingulate cortex appears to induce long-term cortical changes and produces significant positive increases in working memory and processing speed scores.

Acknowledgments

We express sincere appreciation to the following: Dr. Robert Thatcher for the contribution of Neuroguide to our lab for use in research and sharing his experience and knowledge with us; Dr. Marco Congedo and Leslie Sherlin for the use of software from NovatechEEG, Inc.; Deymed Diagnostics for the use of their Truscan Acquisition system and LNFB program; ISNR for their financial support and maintaining a venue for continued research; and finally to the participants for their time and effort.

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