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Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment Volume 21, 2011 - Issue 8
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Original Articles

Formation of Identity in Wartime El Salvador: Protective and Harmful Factors

Margaret Oakes School of Social Work, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
Pages 926-947 | Published online: 29 Nov 2011
 
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Abstract

In a qualitative study of the effects of war on identity in rural postwar El Salvador, 11 interviews from data collected 3 years after the war were analyzed for social and individual identity factors. Subjects had been adolescents during the civil war. Prolonged war experiences, especially for those who became combatants at a very early age, had a negative impact on identity formation. Those who had the greatest identity problems felt a deep sense of betrayal, abandonment, and/or a general lack of trust. This included those who felt betrayed by their group, which in war consisted of an armed political one.

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