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Petroleum Science and Technology Volume 30, 2012 - Issue 16
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Original Articles

The Evaluation of Variable-Injection Rate Waterflooding, Immiscible CO2 Flooding, and Water-alternating-CO2 Injection for Heavy Oil Recovery

F. Torabi Petroleum Systems Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
,
B. Yadali Jamaloei Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
,
O. Zarivnyy Petroleum Systems Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
,
B. A. Paquin Petroleum Systems Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
&
N. J. Rumpel Petroleum Systems Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
Pages 1656-1669 | Received 02 Jun 2010, Accepted 12 Jul 2010, Published online: 02 Jul 2012
 
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Abstract

Despite the existence of studies for separate evaluation of waterflooding, immiscible CO2 flooding, and CO2 water-alternating gas (WAG) for heavy oil recovery, there is a lack of an experimental, comparative evaluation of these three methods. The authors conducted tests for comparative evaluation of variable-injection rate waterflood (VIWF), immiscible CO2 flood, and CO2 WAG. The results illustrate the (a) effectiveness of VIWF, immiscible CO2 flood, and CO2 WAG; (b) effect of permeability and oil viscosity on VIWF, immiscible CO2 flood, and CO2 WAG; (c) effect of injection rate on VIWF; and (d) effect of slug ratio on CO2 WAG.

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