Patterns in Relationship Violence Among African American Women: Future Research and Implications for Intervention

ABSTRACT

The impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) on those most at risk, HIV-positive women of color, has received little attention. This study examined IPV in HIV-positive and HIV-negative African American women. Victim characteristics and factors contributing to IPV and psychological sequelae were identified. Structured interviews were administered and analyzed at baseline, at 6 months, and at 12 months. HIV-positive women were less educated, were less employed, had lower incomes, had more depressive symptoms at all time points, and were more likely to report IPV at baseline and 6 months compared to HIV-negative women. Among HIV-positive depressed women, those reporting IPV were more depressed than those without IPV. Suggestions for studies with couples examining relationship dynamics, including risks for IPV and HIV transmission, and for interventions are discussed.

KEYWORDS:

• HIV/AIDS
• African American women
• intimate partner violence
• child sexual abuse
• depression

Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health (grant R01 MH48269). We also acknowledge support provided by the Behavioral Adherence, Recruitment and Retention and Biostatistical Core of the University of California, Los Angeles, AIDS Institute (CFAR grant A128697).