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Abstract
The enhancement by ethanol of nitrite‐ and 1‐naphthol‐Induced oxidant stress was assessed in vitro in human and Dorset sheep erythrocytes as measured by changes in methemoglobin (MetHB) and glutathtone (GSH) levels.
The human and sheep erythrocytes treated with nitrite (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mM), 1‐naphthol (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mM) or ethanol (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0%) alone revealed significant increases in MetHb (P < .01) and no significant decreases in GSH (P > .05) except for sheep erythrocytes exposed to 1‐naphthol (P < .01) and ethanol (P < .05). The combined nitrite‐ethanol treatment resulted in greater than additive increases in MetHb leveis in both species; however, a protective effect occurred in sheep erythrocytes at the lowest combined treatment levels. The Joint naphthol‐ethanol treatment also resulted In synergtstic increases in MetHb levels in both species. No synergistic decreases in GSH levels were detected for either of the combined treatments. These results suggest that ethanol combined with nitrite or 1‐naphthol exposure in vitro synergistically increases MetHb levels of human and sheep erythrocytes.