Dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls in transformer oil using UV and visible light

Abstract

A study on dechlorination of PCB138 in transformer oil (TO) and 2-propanol (IPA) using 254 nm ultraviolet (UV) light as well as dye sensitized visible light has been conducted. Studies on dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in TO using visible light in the presence of methylene blue (MB) and triethylamine (TEA) (providing a ‘photocatalytic’ cycle) in both deaerated and aerated conditions have been conducted to determine effects of TO, MB and TEA on reaction rates. The results show that photolytic methods are effective in treating PCBs in TO, and that the oil plays a limited adverse role. Under UV irradiation, PCB 138 can be >99% dechlorinated in the presence 0.06% (w/w) TO in IPA within 1 h with a rate constant of 0.0853 min⁻¹, while 47% of PCB138 can be dechlorinated in 92.1% (w/w) TO in IPA within 2 h with a rate constant of 0.0051 min⁻¹. In the ‘photocatalytic’ system, 94% reduction of PCB 138 was achieved within 30 min with a rate constant of 0.0968 min⁻¹ when the solvent was 60.70% (w/w) TO in IPA, while 71% dechlorination of PCB138 was achieved within 30 min with a rate constant of 0.0382 min⁻¹ when 81.62% (w/w) TO was present. In treatment of 30–73 ppm PCBs in TO, the optimal concentration of MB and TEA were found to be 0.5 g/L and 58.08 g/L respectively. Because of quenching by oxygen, deaeration of the solution is necessary for an efficient reaction. The photocatalytic system is especially adapted for treating lower concentration of PCBs in TO.

Keywords:

• Polychlorinated biphenyls
• transformer oil
• dechlorination
• photolysis
• photocatalysis
• visible light
• UV light

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. M. Izadifard of the Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, for her technical advice during the experimentation phase. They acknowledge financial support from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the University of Calgary.