Leachate tests with sewage sludge contaminated by radioactive cesium

Abstract

The sewer systems of eastern Japan have transported radioactive fallout from the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident to wastewater treatment plants, where the radioisotopes have accumulated. To better understand the potential problems associated with the disposal of contaminated sewage sludge in landfills, leachate tests were conducted with radioactive incinerator ash, cement solidification incinerator ash, and dewatered sludge cake. Radioactivity was undetectable in the eluate from incinerator ash and dewatered sludge cake, but about 30% of the radioactivity initially in cement solidification incinerator ash appeared in the eluate during the leaching experiments. Moreover, modification of test conditions revealed that the presence of Ca²⁺ ions and strong alkali in the water that contacted the incinerator ash enhanced leaching of cesium. Lastly, the capacity of pit soil to absorb radioactive cesium was estimated to be at least 3.0 Bq/g (dry).

Keywords:

• Fukushima Dai-ichi
• Great East Japan Earthquake
• radioactive cesium
• sewage sludge
• leachate test

Acknowledgments

We thank the Ibaraki Prefecture local government staff members and Mr Mikami Seiji of the Chugai Technos Corporation for their cooperation in this study.