Mercury in Hazel Bolete Leccinum griseum and soil substratum: Distribution, bioconcentration and dietary exposure

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the accumulation and distribution of total mercury (Hg) in fruiting bodies of edible wild-grown mushroom Hazel Bolete Leccinum griseum (Quél.) Singer, collected from six spatially distantly distributed places across Poland and to assess the probable dietary intake of the element by consumers. Mercury content of fungal and soil samples were determined by cold-vapour atomic absorption spectroscopy (CV-AAS) with a direct sample thermal decomposition coupled with gold wool trap of Hg and its further desorption and quantitative measurement at the wavelength of 296 nm. The median values of Hg content in caps of L. griseum collected from less-contaminated places (< 0.10 mg Hg kg⁻¹ dry matter in upper 0–10 cm layer of soil substratum) were from 0.23 mg kg⁻¹ dm to 0.43 mg kg⁻¹ dm. And for more contaminated topsoil (0.15 mg Hg kg⁻¹ dry matter), the median in caps was about 1.5 mg kg⁻¹ dry matter. The mushroom L. griseum has potential to accumulate Hg in fruiting bodies, while quantities of this element noted in consignments of this species originating from the forests with typical background values of Hg in topsoil are low. In the light of the published value of PTWI for Hg consumption of fruiting bodies of L. griseus emerged in forests of Poland is without health risk for consumers. Information on total mercury and methylmercury in Fungi of the genus Leccinum is also described briefly.

Keywords:

• Environment
• foods
• forest
• fungi
• heavy metal
• mushrooms
• organic food

Acknowledgments

Technical help from Renata Arszyło, Anna Dryżałowska, Joanna Gozdek, Magdalena Lenarczyk, Michalina Mazur and Katarzyna Szałabska is acknowledged.

Funding

This study is a part of a Ph.D. thesis of Grażyna Krasińska and was financially supported by the National Science Centre of Poland under call PRELUDIUM (Project no. DEC-2011/03/N/NZ9/04136).