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Abstract
The effects of orally administered cadmium on the health of beagle dogs, at dose levels of 1,3,10,50 and 100 mg/day over a period of eight years are reported.
There were no remarkable clinical and biochemical changes in blood and urine examinations of the dogs that received less than 10 mg Cd/day, although cadmium levels in their blood and urine increased with time according to the dose.
The male dog given 100 mg Cd/day showed a slight decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit (HCT), and larger decreases in tubular reabsorption of phosphate (%TRP) and 24‐hour creatinine clearance (Ccr‐24h) after about 50 weeks, an increase in daily urine volume, a decrease in the specific gravity of urine after 70–80 weeks, an increase in the daily excretion of total protein in urine after about 100 weeks, an increase in ß2‐microglobulin (ß‐MG) in urine after 120–130 weeks, and glycosuria after 150 weeks. The male dog given 50 mg Cd/day also showed symptoms of renal dysfunction, but not to the extent observed in the highest exposure dog. On the other hand, there were no severe changes in renal function in the female dogs exposed to 50 and 100 mg Cd/day, although cadmium levels in blood and urine were raised to nearly to the same levels as in the male dogs.
No remarkable effects on the liver function were found in any of the dogs, and osteomalacia was not observed throughout the experiment.