Micropropagation of Cleome dendroides (Cleomaceae), an endemic Brazilian species, as a source of glucosinolates

Abstract

This is the first study related to micropropagation and phytochemical analyses of Cleome dendroides, an endemic species of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, a biome affected by human activity. Among the classes of substances produced by the genus Cleome, the glucosinolates are used as chemotaxonomic markers. They have a wide structural diversity, which affords, for example, antineoplastic bioactivity. The micropropagation was established using explants from two sources: seedlings and in vitro plants. The morphogenic response was evaluated on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of benzyladenine (BA). Hypocotyl explants from seedlings and stem explants from in vitro plants showed higher capacity of shoot regeneration (56.3-100%). Shoot proliferation (75-100%) was maintained when hypocotyl explant-derived shoots and stem explant-derived shoots were subcultured three times a month. Hypocotyl explant-derived shoots maintained on MS + 2.0 mgL⁻¹ BA induced the highest shoot production along the subcultures. Shoots were elongated and rooted on growth regulator-free MS medium. Plantlet establishment was successful in the hardening medium composed of Plantmax® substrate, reaching 85%survival. The phytochemical studies indicated two glucosinolate derivatives, highlighting the presence of 5,6-dimethyltetrahydro-1,3-oxazine-2-thione, identified for the first time in plants. This work demonstrates an efficient method for in-vitro production of C. dendroides plants, which can be used as a source of glucosinolates.

Keywords:

• Auxins
• chromatographic analysis
• cytokinins
• in vitro propagation
• secondary metabolites

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) (Process Number 421538/2016-3) and Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support in the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) (E-26/010.001019/2016)