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Abstract
The genus Viola sect. Melanium is represented in Sicily by six well defined species. The taxonomic range of two additional taxa, whose areals are restricted to isolated mountains (Rocca Busambra and Pizzuta Mt.), south of Palermo, was hitherto unclear. Morphological and caryological investigations showed that they can be treated as distinct species, which are here described. The Viola with constantly blue flowers and 2n = 52 chromosomes of Rocca Busambra is named Viola tineorum and the other one, with constantly yellow flowers and 2n = 40 chromosomes of the Pizzuta Mt. is named Viola ucriana. Both are named according to the famous Sicilian botanists Giuseppe and Vincenzo Tineo and Bernardino d' Ucrìa.