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Culture and Education
Cultura y Educación
Volume 27, 2015 - Issue 1
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Research report / Informes de investigación

Children’s perceptions of bullying among peers through the use of graphic representation / Percepciones infantiles sobre el maltrato entre iguales a través de la representación gráfica

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Pages 158-185 | Received 07 Nov 2013, Accepted 08 Oct 2014, Published online: 07 Apr 2015
 

Abstract

This study analyzes children’s perceptions of bullying and its emotional effects on primary education students. A total of 276 students between the ages of six and 11 years (M = 8.53, SD = 1.62) from two public schools in Castilla-La Mancha were invited to express themselves by creating drawings of the bullying phenomenon. The results were analyzed based on descriptive statistics and interjudge analyses on categories and criteria that were present in the drawings. The results show that the cognitive representation of bullying among peers that the students display in their drawings fits the definition of bullying itself, in its basic characteristics and role distribution. The representations point out the phenomenon’s dyadic structure, basically made up of the same gender; with more males than females recognized as those involved. Sadness and generally negative emotions were identified in the victims. A moral disengagement was found in the aggressors. The results are discussed in relation to existing knowledge on the phenomenon that was obtained through psychometric procedures based on self-reports.

Resumen

El trabajo analiza las concepciones infantiles sobre el acoso y sus efectos emocionales en escolares de Primaria. Un total de 276 escolares de entre seis y 11 años (M = 8.53, DT = 1.62) de dos colegios públicos de Castilla-La Mancha fueron invitados a expresarse mediante dibujos sobre el fenómeno del maltrato. Se analizaron los resultados en base a estadísticos descriptivos y análisis interjueces sobre categorías y criterios presentes en los dibujos. Los resultados muestran que la representación cognitiva sobre el acoso entre iguales que los escolares representan en sus dibujos se ajusta a la definición del mismo, en sus características básicas y distribución de roles. Las representaciones señalan la estructura diádica del fenómeno, básicamente del mismo género; más varones que niñas son reconocidos como implicados. Y respecto a las emociones presentes, se identifican emociones de tristeza y en general negativas en las víctimas y desconexión moral en los agresores. Los resultados son discutidos en relación al conocimiento que sobre el fenómeno existe obtenido mediante procedimientos psicométricos basados en autoinformes.

Acknowledgements / Agradecimientos

This research has been performed as part of the VIEJUCO project Violencia escolar y juvenil: riesgos del cortejo violento, la agresión sexual y el cyberbullying (Ps-2010-17246) supported by the Plan Nacional I+D+I del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. / Esta investigación se ha realizado dentro del proyecto VIEJUCO Violencia escolar y juvenil: riesgos del cortejo violento, la agresión sexual y el cyberbullying (Ps-2010-17246) subvencionado por el Plan Nacional I+D+I del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, a quien las autoras agradecen su apoyo.

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