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Articles

Am I my brother’s peacekeeper? Strategic cultures and change among major troop contributors to United Nations peacekeeping

 

ABSTRACT

With 16 ongoing peacekeeping operations currently deploying almost 100,000 troops, United Nations (UN) peacekeeping is the largest single source of foreign military intervention in conflict zones. Because UN peacekeeping is entirely dependent on voluntary contributions from Member States, there a pressing need to better understand why nations contribute peacekeeping troops in the first place. This article proposes a model for understanding the peacekeeping contribution issue under the lens of strategic culture. Through the fourth generation of strategic culture and its understanding of the dynamic ways that a country views force, we can better understand why or whether that country may contribute troops to UN peacekeeping. Using the case study of Canadian post-Cold War contributions to peacekeeping to develop the model, this article aims to better understand the decision-making environment of national strategic elites and how criteria for the use of force change over time in complex ways.

RÉSUMÉ

Avec 16 opérations en cours qui déploient près de 100,000 soldats, le maintien de la paix par les Nations Unies (ONU) est la source singulièrement la plus importante d’intervention militaire dans les zones de conflits. La mission de maintien de la paix de l’ONU étant entièrement dépendante des contributions volontaires des États membres, il est absolument nécessaire de mieux comprendre pourquoi les nations engagent des troupes pour le maintien de la paix. Cet article propose un modèle pour permettre de comprendre la question de la contribution au maintien de la paix à travers le prisme de la culture stratégique. À travers la quatrième génération de culture stratégique et son interprétation de la manière dynamique avec laquelle un pays perçoit la force, nous pouvons mieux comprendre pourquoi - ou si - ce pays peut fournir des troupes au maintien de la paix onusien. Se basant sur l’étude de cas des contributions canadiennes post-Guerre Froide au maintien de la paix pour développer ce modèle proposé, cet article vise à mieux comprendre l’environnement des prises de décisions des élites stratégiques nationales et comment les critères de l’usage de la force changent dans le temps, et ceci, de plusieurs manières complexes.

Acknowledgements

This paper is the result of dissertation research conducted at the University of Ottawa’s School of Political Studies under the supervision of Dr. Claire Turenne-Sjolander and Dr. Miguel de Larinnaga.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

Notes on contributor

Joshua Libben is a doctoral candidate at the University of Ottawa’s School of Political Studies, completing a dissertation on troop-contribution dynamics to UN peacekeeping. He is also the 2016/2017 Cadieux-Léger Fellow at Global Affairs Canada, working as a policy analyst with the Foreign Policy Research Division.

Notes

† Article submitted for the 2016 CFPJ workshop “Problems Abroad? Revisiting the Intervention Trap in an Era of Global Uncertainty.”

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