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Acta Botanica Gallica
Botany Letters
Volume 144, 1997 - Issue 3
695
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I—SÈCRÈTIONS, PRODUCTION ET RÔLES

Les jardins de fourmis de Guyane française: relations entre arbres-supports, épiphytes et fourmis

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Pages 333-345 | Published online: 27 Apr 2013
 

Summary

In this study, which was carried out on 460 ant-gardens found in an orchard of Citrus grandis and in two pioneer formations of different ages, we noted that four ant species, Pachycondyla goeldii (Ponerinae), Crematogaster limata parabiotica (Myrmicinae), Dolichoderus bispinosus (Dolichoderinae) and Camponotus femoratus (Formicinae), built carton nests on which we found epiphytes at different stages of development. For other ant species sheltering in ant gardens, we did not find young, developing epiphytes. A three-way relationship between the supporting bush, epiphyte and ant becomes apparent. The diversity of the epiphytes varies as a function of the ant species: Aechmea mertensii (Bromeliaceae) is dominant in the gardens of P. goeldii; Codonanthe crassifolia (Gesneriaceae) and Anthurium gracile (Araceae) in those of C. femoratus and of Cr. limata parabiotica, both of which also associated with Peperomia macrostachya (Piperaceae).

Résumé

Dans cette étude portant sur 460 jardins de fourmis provenant d'un verger de Citrus grandis et de deux formations pionnières d'âge différent, nous avons noté que quatre espèces de fourmis, Pachycondyla goeldii (Ponerinae), Crematogaster limata parabiotica (Myrmicinae), Dolichoderus bispinosus (Dolichoderinae) et Camponotus femoratus (Formicinae), construisent des nids en carton sur lesquels nous avons trouvé des épiphytes à divers stades de développement. Chez les autres fourmis, nous n'avons pas trouvé de jeunes jardins en formation. Une relation à trois entre arbuste-support, épiphyte et fourmis se dégage. La composition floristique des jardins varie en fonction de l'espèce de fourmi: Aechmea mertensii (Bromeliaceae) domine dans les jardins de P. goeldii; Codonanthe crassifolia (Gesneriaceae) et Anthurium gracile (Araceae) dans ceux de C. femoratus et de Cr. limata parabiotica, ces deux espèces s'associant aussi à Peperomia macrostachya (Piperaceae).

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