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Acta Botanica Gallica
Botany Letters
Volume 157, 2010 - Issue 2
224
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Original Articles

Aminoacid changes in leaves and roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) during salt stress

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Pages 255-264 | Received 17 Apr 2009, Accepted 16 Jun 2009, Published online: 26 Apr 2013
 

Abstract

Tomato seedlings were exposed to 100 mM NaCl during 10 days. NaCl stress led to about 40% and 20% decrease in leaf and root biomass, respectively. Accumulation of Na+ and Cl ions was concomitant with NH4 + contents increase in stressed leaves and roots. While total aminoacids contents rapidly increased by salt in both organs, they recovered control value in the leaves at the end of treatment. In leaves, NaCl stress increased proline and serine contents, lately associated with accumulation of y—aminobutyric and asparagine. Slat—treated roots showed 2-fold higher contents of serine, glycine, glutamine and GABA. Asparagine became the most abundant aminoacid, accounting for 26% of total aminoacids in the treated roots. These disturbances in the aminoacids composition reflect a new distribution of internal nitrogen compounds, building up an aminoacid pool with high N to C ratio and avoiding thus an ammoniacal intoxication. Proline, Asn and GABA are useful for nitrogen transport to developing tissues and protect against osmotic and oxidative stresses during salt stress.

Résumé

De jeunes plants de tomate ont été exposés à 100 mM NaCl pendant 10 jours. Le stress salin provoque une diminution d'environ 40% et 20% respectivement de la biomasse foliaire et racinaire. L'accumulation endogène des ions Na+ et Cl est associée à une accélération de la production des ions NH4 + dans les tissus foliaires et racinaires des plantes stressées. Les teneurs en acides aminés totaux sont augmentées par la salinité dans les racines. Au niveau des feuilles, le stress a provoqué une augmentation rapide des teneurs en proline et en sérine, associée tardivement à une accumulation de l'acide y—aminobutyrique et de l'asparagine. En même temps, les racines traitées ont montré des teneurs environ 2 fois plus élevées en sérine, en glycine, en glutamine et en GABA relativement aux témoins. Ces perturbations dans la composition en acides aminés reflètent une tendance de la plante à stocker NH4 + sous forme d'acides aminés afin d'éviter une intoxication ammoniacale. De même, la Pro et le GABA peuvent intervenir dans la lutte contre les stress osmotique et oxyda—tif associés au stress salin.

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