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Acta Botanica Gallica
Botany Letters
Volume 157, 2010 - Issue 2
258
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Original Articles

Towards an ecological classification of flooded savannas in Beni (Bolivia)

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Pages 265-273 | Received 04 May 2009, Accepted 15 Jun 2009, Published online: 26 Apr 2013
 

Abstract

Two main types of flooded savannas are identified in Beni, one of the most extensive areas of flooded savannas in the Neotropics: the floodable savannas of the bajíos and the floodable savannas of the semi-uplands. Independent classification methods done for both floristic inventories and soil sampling show a strong relationship between the content and availability of exchangeable bases in the soils and floristic composition of the plant communities. The grassy savannas on mesotrophic substrates which are rich particularly in Mg and Ca are characterized floristically by Thevetia amazónica and Acroceras zizanioides. On base—poor substrates, the floodable grassy savannas, as well as the tajibo savanna, are best represented floristically by Andropogon bicornis and Coelorachis aurita. A CCA carried out on this type of savannas revealed a primary distribution pattern of the plant communities along an Fe gradient, which can also be explained as a gradient of the duration of the flooding period.

Résumé

Deux types principaux de savanes inondées ont été identifiés dans le Beni, une des plus grandes surfaces de savanes inondées des Néotropiques: les savanes inondables des basses terres et les savanes inondables des semi—hautes terres. Diverses méthodes de classification appliquées aux inventaires floristiques et aux échantillons de sols montrent une forte relation entre le contenu et la disponibilité des bases échangeables dans les sols et la composition flo—ristique des communautés végétales. Les savanes herbeuses sur substrat mésotrophe qui sont particulièrement riches en Mg et Ca sont caractérisées par Thevetia amazonica et Acroceras zizanioides. Sur les substrats oligotrophes, les savanes herbeuses inondables, ainsi que la savane tajibo, sont dominées par Andropogon bicornis et Coelorachis aurita. L'analyse canonique des correspondances réalisée exclusivement sur savanes à sols oligotrophes montre un modèle de distribution des communautés le long d'un gradient de fer, qui peut aussi être expliqué comme un gradient de durée de la période d'inondation.

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